Architecture
“Prambanan”
The
architecture of Prambanan temple follows the typical Hindu architecture
traditions based on Vastu Shastra. The temple design incorporated mandala
temple plan arrangements and also the typical high towering spires of Hindu
temples. Prambanan was originally named Shivagrha and dedicated to god Shiva.
The temple was designed to mimic Meru, the holy mountain the abode of Hindu
gods, and the home of Shiva. The whole temple complex is a model of Hindu
universe according to Hindu cosmology and the layers of Loka.
Just like
Borobudur, Prambanan also recognize the hierarchy of the temple zones, spanned
from the less holy to the holiest realms. Each Hindu and Buddhist concepts has
their own terms, but the concept's essentials is identical. Either the compound
site plan (horizontally) or the temple structure (vertically) are consists of
three zones
·
Bhurloka (in Buddhism: Kāmadhātu), the lowest
realm of common mortals; humans, animals also demons. Where humans still binded
by their lust, desire and unholy way of life. The outer courtyard and the foot
(base) part of each temples is symbolized the realm of bhurloka.
·
Bhuvarloka (in Buddhism: Rupadhatu), the middle
realm of holy people, rishis, ascetics, and lesser gods. People here began to
see the light of truth. The middle courtyard and the body of each temples is
symbolized the realm of bhuvarloka.
·
Svarloka (in Buddhism: Arupadhatu), the
highest and holiest realm of gods, also known as svargaloka. The inner
courtyard and the roof of each temples is symbolized the realm of svarloka. The
roof of the Prambanan temples is adorned and crowned with ratna (sanskrit:
jewel), the shape of Prambanan ratna took the altered form of vajra that
represent diamond. In ancient Java temple architecture, ratna is Hindu
counterpart of Buddhist stupa, and served as the temple's pinnacle.
During the
restoration, a well which contains pripih (stone casket) was discovered under
the center of the Shiva temple. The main temple has a well of 5.75 m depth in
which a stone casket was found on top a pile of charcoal, earth and remains of
burned animal bones. Sheets of gold leaves with the inscription Varuna (god of
the sea) and Parvata (god of the mountains) were found here. The stone casket
contained sheets of copper mixed with charcoal, ashes and earth, 20 coins,
jewels, glass, pieces of gold and silver leaves, seashells and 12 gold leaves
(5 of which in the shape of a turtle, Nāga serpent, padma, altar and egg)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prambanan
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